Toluene
Toluene also known as toluol is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. It is a color less, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.
As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant and has the potential of causing severe neurological harm.
Application
It can be substituted for toluene in thinning paints and varnishes, where slower drying is necessary. It is also necessary in the production of plastic bottles and polyester clothing.Used as solvent in printing, rubber, and leather industries. In thinning paints and varnishes, it can be substituted for toluene where slower drying is desired.
| Chemical formula | C7H8 |
|---|---|
| Molar mass | 92.141 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid[3] |
| Odor | sweet, pungent, benzene-like |
| Density | 0.8623 g/mL (25 °C)[ |
| Melting point | −95.0 °C (−139.0 °F; 178.2 K)[ |
| Boiling point | 110.60 °C (231.08 °F; 383.75 K)[ |
| Solubility in water | 0.54 g/L (5 °C) 0.519 g/L (25 °C) 0.63 g/L (45 °C) 1.2 g/L (90 °C)[ |
| log P | 2.73[ |
| Vapor pressure | 2.8 kPa (20 °C)[ |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | −66.1·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.1310 W/(m·K) (25 °C) |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4941 (25 °C)[ |
| Viscosity | 0.560 mPa·s (25 °C) |
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